تفاوت ?have you got و ?do you have [منبع: آکسفورد]
Have got یک گزارۀ متداول در بریتانیاست که برای نشان دادن مالکیت است. در جملات مثبت، منفی و سوالی.
مثال:
- .They’ve got a wonderful house
- .We haven’t got a television
- ?Have you got a meeting today
البته در فرم سوالی و منفی، با do هم میآید و متداول است.
مثال:
- ?Do you have any brothers and sisters
- .We don’t have a car
have هم استفاده میشود اما خب رسمیتر است.
مثال:
- .I have no objection to your request
- ?Have you an appointment
در بعضی مواقع ما have را حتی در جملات غیر رسمی هم میبینیم و این استفاده کاملاً مرسوم است.
مثال:
.I’m sorry, I haven’t a clue
برای حالت گذشته، در جملات مثبت از had و در منفی و سوالی از did have استفاده میشود.
مثال:
- .They had a wonderful house
- .We didn’t have much time
- ?Did she have her husband with her
در آمریکا have و فرمهای مختلفش با do/does/did روش معمول برای بیان مالکیت است. چه در جملات مثبت و چه در منفی و وسوالی.
مثال:
- .They have a wonderful house
- .We don’t have a television
- ?Do you have a meeting today
Have got در جملات سوالی به کار نمیرود اما در جملات مثبت مخصوصاً جایی که بر مالکیت کسی بخواهیم تأکید کنیم، استفاده میشود. در واقع تأکید بر اینکه فردی مالک چیزی است که دیگران آن را ندارند.
مثال:
.’Does your brother have brown hair?’ ‘No, he’s got blond hair
در هر دو انگلیسیِ بریتانیا و آمریکا، have و مشتقاتی که با do/does/did میآید برای یک عادت یا امر روتین استفاده میشود. (در واقع برای کاری که مدام تکرار میشود)
مثال:
.We don’t often have time to talk
?Difference between have you got? and do you have
:Have got is the usual verb in BrE to show possession etc. in positive statements in the present tense, in negative statements and in questions
- .They’ve got a wonderful house
- .We haven’t got a television
- ?Have you got a meeting today
:Questions and negative statements formed with do are also common
- ?Do you have any brothers and sisters
- .We don’t have a car
:Have is also used but is more formal
- .I have no objection to your request
- ?Have you an appointment
:Some expressions with have are common even in informal language
.I’m sorry, I haven’t a clue
:In the past tense had is used in positive statements. In negatives and questions, forms with did have are usually used
- .They had a wonderful house.
- .We didn’t have much time
- ?Did she have her husband with her
:In NAmE have and forms with do/does/did are the usual way to show possession, etc. in positive statements, negatives and questions
- .They have a wonderful house
- .We don’t have a television
- ?Do you have a meeting today
:Have got is not used in questions, but is used in positive statements, especially to emphasize that somebody has one thing rather than another
.’Does your brother have brown hair?’ ‘No, he’s got blond hair
:In both BrE and NAmE have and forms with do/does and did are used when you are referring to a habit or routine
.We don’t often have time to talk
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اگر در یک سوپر مارکت آمریکا بخوایم بگیم جنسی را دارید از Have you got استفاده کنیم یا ?Do you have …………………………………………………………..
?Have you got any eggsدرسته؟